Email this article 
Hide
Show all
Mother’s Behavior Regarding Preparation of Healthy Breakfast and Snacks for Children: A School-based Intervention Research
Abstract
In this experimental study, random sampling was conducted and 120 students were selected and divided into two experimental and control groups and their mothers were invited to participate in the study. Samples were examined in two stages through pre-test, and a delayed post-test with a questionnaire that consists of demographic information questions related to knowledge, attitude, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and behavior. Training, lectures and group discussion methods and question and answer with educational aids such as pamphlets were used. Data were analyzed by using SPSS16 and paired t-test, t-test and chi-square analyses were employed.
The mean scores of knowledge (6.20±88.30), attitude (1.65±25.95) and perceived benefits (0.29 ±17.95), perceived barriers (2.71±34.70), and behavior of mothers (8.38± 115) in the experimental group significantly increased after intervention (P<0.001). There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of the mean knowledge, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and behavior scores 2 months after the program, except for attitude, and mean scores (P<0.001).
Design, implementation and evaluation of interventions for mothers regarding nutritional issues for children to enhance their health are recommended.
Keywords
References
. Furber MJW, Roberts JD, Roberts MG. A valid and reliable nutrition knowledge questionnaire for track and field athletes, BMC Nutr. 2017;3(1): 36.
. Arash S, Javad H, Shahrbanoo DS, Fatemeh P, Maryam M, Sepahi S., Applying the Health Belief Model Constructs to Determine Predictors of Dietary Behavior among High-School Students. J Adv Med Med Res. 2016;5:1-7.
. Kelishadi R, Mozafarian N, Qorbani M, Motlagh ME, Safiri S, Ardalan G, et al. Is snack consumption associated with meal skipping in children and adolescents? The CASPIAN-IV study. Eat Weight Disord. 2017;22(2): 321-28.
. Soheilipour F, Salehiniya H. Breakfast habits, nutritional status and their relationship with academic performance in elementary school students of Tehran, Iran. Int J Med Pharm Case Reports. 2019;92(1): 52.
. Jafari F, RezAeIpOR N, Gerayeli Malek V. Association between breakfast consumption and math scores of high school students in Tehran. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2013;6: 285-91.
. Adolphus K, Lawton CL, Dye L. The effects of breakfast on behavior and academic performance in children and adolescents. Front Behav Neurosci. 2013;7: 425.
. Raghupathi W, Raghupathi V. An empirical study of chronic diseases in the United States: a visual analytics approach to public health. Int J Environ Res. 2018;15(3): 431.
. Nouri Saeidlou S, Babaei F, Ayremlou P. Malnutrition, overweight, and obesity among urban and rural children in the north of west Azerbijan, Iran. Journal of Obesit,. 2014;2014.
. Goswmai S, Das KK. Socio-economic and demographic determinants of childhood anemia. J Pediatr. 2015;91(5): 471-77.
. De Onis M, Blössner M, Borghi E. Prevalence and trends of stunting among pre-school children, 1990–2020. Public Health Nutr J. 2012;15(1): 142-48.
. Zainel AJAL, Osman SRO, Al-Kohji SMS, Selim NA. Iron deficiency, its epidemiological features and feeding practices among infants aged 12 months in Qatar: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open. 2018;8(5): e020271.
. Hwalla N, Al Dhaheri A, Radwan H, Alfawaz H, Fouda M, Al‐Daghri N, et al. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and inadequacies in the Middle East and approaches to interventions. Nutrients. 2017;9(3): 229.
. Mokdad AH, El Bcheraoui C, Afshin A, Charara R, Khalil I, Moradi-Lakeh M, et al. Burden of obesity in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Region Int J Public Health. 2018.
. Armoon B, Karimy M. Epidemiology of childhood overweight, obesity and their related factors in a sample of preschool children from Central Iran. BMC pediatrics. 2019;19(1): 159.
. Shafiee G, Kelishadi R, Qorbani M, Motlagh ME, Taheri M, Ardalan G, et al. Association of breakfast intake with cardiometabolic risk factors. J Pediatr. 2013;89(6): 575-82.
. Kessler HS. Simple interventions to improve healthy eating behaviors in the school cafeteria. Nutr Rev. 2016;74(3): 198-09.
. Black AP, D’Onise K, McDermott R, Vally H, O’Dea K. How effective are family-based and institutional nutrition interventions in improving children’s diet and health? A systematic review. BMC public health. 2017;17(1): 818.
. Mohammadhossini S, Hosseini N, Moghimi M, Fouladi M. Knowledge and practice of mothers, regarding the supplementary nutrition of breast-fed infants, Yasuj, Iran. Iran J Neurol. 2014;4(4): 28-33.
. Moaadeli Z, Neyrizi AH, Sharifikia I, Marandi KA. The study of knowledge, attitude and nutritional practice of secondary school students in Darab city, Fars province, Iran in 2011-2012. Int J School Health. 2015;2(2).
. Johnson CM, Sharkey JR, Dean WR, McIntosh WA, Kubena KS. It's who I am and what we eat. Mothers’ food-related identities in family food choice. Appetite. 2011;57(1): 220-28.
. Rezaei OM, Moodi M, Moazam N. Analyzing the level of knowledge and attitude of the mothers referring the urban health centers of Birjand about nutritional behaviors. J Edu Health Promot. 2014;3.
. Herman AN, Malhotra K, Wright G, Fisher JO, Whitaker RC. A qualitative study of the aspirations and challenges of low-income mothers in feeding their preschool-aged children. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012; 9(1): 132.
. Levin KA, Kirby J, Currie C. Family structure and breakfast consumption of 11-15 year old boys and girls in Scotland, 1994-2010: a repeated cross-sectional study. BMC public health. 2012;12(1): 228.
. Garti H, Ali Z, Garti HA. Maternal daily work hours affect nutritional status of children in Northern Ghana. Nutrire. 2018;43(1): 16.
. Mazloomy Mahmoudabad S, Khani H, Kaseb F, Fallahzadeh H. The Effect Nutrition and Health Heart Instruction of Health Volunteers on Knowledge, Attitude and Performance of Mothers. Toloo-e-behdasht. 2013;11(4): 81-90.
. Ziaee R, Jalili Z, Tavakoli Ghouchani H. The effect of education based on Health Belief Model (HBM) in improving nutritional behaviors of pregnant women. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci. 2016; 8(3): 427-37
. Motamedrezaei O, Moodi M, Miri MR, Khodadadi M. The effect of nutrition and food hygieneeducation on the knowledge of female elementary school teachers in city of ferdows. J Edu Health Promot. 2013; 2(10)
. Sahingoz SA. The Education about Breakfast and its Importance Given to Child-to-Mother in Turkey. Pak J Nutr. 2009; 8(4): 419-24
. Hankey C, Eley S, Leslie W, Hunter C, Lean M. Eating habits, beliefs, attitudes and knowledge among health professionals regarding the links between obesity, nutrition and health. Public Health Nutr. 2004; 7(2): 337-43
. Hepler J, Albarracín D. Attitudes without objects: Evidence for a dispositional attitude, its measurement, and its consequences. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2013; 104(6): 1060
. Hanafi MI, Shalaby SAH, Falatah N, El-Ammari H. Impact of health education on knowledge of, attitude to and practice of breastfeeding among women attending primary health care centres in Almadinah Almunawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: controlled pre–post study. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2014; 9(3): 187-93
. Nimbalkar PB, Patel JN, Thakor N, Patni M. Impact of educational intervention regarding anaemia and its preventive measures among pregnant women: an interventional study. Int J Reprod Contraception, Obstet Gynecol. 2017; 6(12)5315-21
. Wang L, Xu X, Zhang Y, Hao H, Chen L, Su T, et al. A model of health education and management for osteoporosis prevention. Exp Ther Med. 2016; 12(6): 3797-05
. Horodynski M, Contreras D, Hoerr S, Coleman G. Nutrition Education Aimed at Toddlers (NEAT) curriculum. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2005; 37(2): 96-7
. Yabancı N, Kısaç İ, Karakuş SŞ. The effects of mother's nutritional knowledge on attitudes and behaviors of children about nutrition. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2014; 116: 4477-81
Iranian Journal of Health, Safety and Environment e-ISSN: :2345-5535 Iran university of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran